Insect
Cuisine
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Eat Bugs, Save the World: The Ecology
of Nutrition
Bug Me: San Francisco Helps
Pioneer Insect Cuisine
This appliance makes gourmet
meals out of maggots
Girl Meets Bug: EDIBLE: An
Adventure into the World of Eating Insects and the Last
Great Hope to Save the Planet
Edible
Insects & Bugs and their nutritional values - Grab some
grub [infographic]
Edible
insects: Future prospects for food and feed security
(201 pages)
Eat Bugs,
Save the World: The Ecology of Nutrition
As the worlds leaders convene to discuss the
all-important issue of climate change, I wonder if there is
room to consider the potential environmental benefits of
adopting insects as a food source. Insects are the true
Eco-protein the most
environmentally-efficient animal protein on the planet. This
is because many food-insects, such as crickets, convert food
and water much more efficiently into usable nutrition than
cattle or other livestock.
For instance, insects require up to 20 times less food
than cattle, meaning that per pound of food they are given,
they produce several times the amount of protein. This is
partly because insects unlike their more complex,
warm-blooded brethren are cold-blooded creatures, so
they waste far less energy warming up their
blood. This energy is, instead, converted directly into
increasing their body mass. If cows could do this, they
would be enormous.
Also, hundreds of times less water is required per pound
of usable protein. While cows may require up to 869
gallons of water to produce a third of a pound of beef (a
large hamburger), a quarter pound of crickets only requires
a moist paper towel, refreshed weekly, says ecologist
Nina Munteanu.
Currently, the livestock sector is one of the top
contributors of greenhouse gases some have said it
rivals that of automobiles. Additionally, insects require
far less grazing land per pound of protein output than
cattle. Also, by more effectively utilizing the insects on
our crops, we could reduce the amount of pesticides in our
environment.
Yes, utilizing insects as food to help alleviate our
planets problems may be an unusual approach to
consider. But in this global climate, can we really afford
not to?
Waxworms are the larvae of the Wax Moth, Achroia
grisella, (AKA the Bee Moth), and are found in bee hives
where they feed on honey, beeswax, pollen, etc. Waxworms
tunnel through the honeycomb like Pac-Man, trying to avoid
the bees while they munch on everything in sight. In
captivity, waxworms are raised on a diet of wheat bran and
honey, which explains their delicious, subtle flavor: a
cross between chanterelle mushrooms and sweet almond meal.
These particular waxworms came from San Diego Waxworms:
http://www.sdwaxworms.com. They ship em right to your
door.
Waxworm tacos are a very simple dish: just saute them
with onions, olive oil and a dash of salt (and/or your
seasoning of choice). Then pile on your favorite taco
ingredients, and take a bite of clean, healthy,
environmentally-efficient protein. Youll be amazed at
how good they are!
After freezing the critters overnight, we marinated them
in a concoction of lime juice, honey, BBQ sauce, crushed
garlic and ginger, and salt and pepper (no specific recipe
just to taste). Then, we skewered them
with veggies and pineapple, basted everything with a
honey-BBQ glaze (just honey and BBQ sauce mixed together),
and popped them on the grill till they looked toasty.
Crunchy-bug-goodness!
Scorpion, silkworm, superworm, and cricket kebabs with a
honey-BBQ glaze
Source: https://edibug.wordpress.com/page/6/
Bug Me: San
Francisco Helps Pioneer Insect Cuisine
Daniella Martin eats 'em up. Yum. Photo by Kimberly Sandie.
Hair and makeup by Ellyse Bernales. Animation by Andrew J.
Nilsen
Mónica Martínez bills her Don Bugito food
truck as a "pre-Hispanic snackeria." A 36-year-old Mexican
immigrant with high cheekbones and raven hair,
Martínez doesn't have a chef's résumé.
She studied at the Rhode Island School of Design and is, at
best, a journeyman cook. Yet her fare benefits from a few
authentic, and unusual, ingredients.
The San Francisco resident's tacos are built on handmade
tortillas of blue corn masa, and topped with pasilla chiles
and a sauce of cilantro, mint, and parsley. Then there's the
traditional element that most distinguishes her food.
"The idea of Don Bugito is inspired by pre-Hispanic
cuisine," Martínez says as she rolls a moist clump of
masa between her hands at La Cocina, a nonprofit
organization at 25th and Folsom streets that offers
commercial kitchen space and business consulting to
cook-entrepreneurs. "So most of the ingredients are
pre-Hispanic: peppers; tomatoes; obviously, insects."
Martínez drops a handful of pallid worms, similar
to those a child might feed a pet gecko, into a frying pan,
where they sizzle and take on a caramel-colored sheen.
Along with crickets and meal worms, these wax moth larvae
anchor the menu at Don Bugito, which debuted on Aug. 20 at
the San Francisco Street Food Festival. The Mission district
event was staffed by 60 vendors and attended by tens of
thousands of foodies, reflecting the explosion of interest
in street food in the Bay Area culinary scene.
Martínez managed to hold her own with this
discerning crowd: By festival's end, she had sold all her
dishes. When the food truck commences permanent operations,
which she says will happen by next month, it may be the
first eatery in the country devoted exclusively to
preparations involving insects.
Entomophagy, or the practice of eating bugs, remains a
popular culinary habit in developing countries. Residents of
the Mexican state of Oaxaca are famous for their taste for
chapulines, or dried grasshoppers. In Thailand, Lethocerus
indicus, the giant water bug, is consumed with gusto.
But for many in Europe, or countries settled
predominantly by people of European descent, the idea of
eating bugs triggers a gross-out reflex. Insects and
arachnids are not for eating; if anything, they are to be
kept as far away from our food as possible. One of the last
prominent forays that entomophagy made into American popular
culture was on the television game show Fear Factor, where
contestants had to prove their mettle by eating live bugs
without gagging.
That might be changing. Entomophagy has long been a
cultist hobby among entomologists, inspiring offbeat
conferences and festivals featuring such dishes as
deep-friend tarantulas and cricket jambalaya. Now a small
group of cooks and activists is trying to draw a broader
audience for entomophagy. Perhaps unsurprisingly, given the
local history of pioneering food fads, a number of them are
based in the Bay Area.
"I think it's legitimate to say right now that San
Francisco is a hotbed of insect cuisine," says David Gordon,
a nationally renowned entomophagist and author of The
Eat-A-Bug Cookbook.
Interest in entomophagy has also surged because of
advocates' ambitious claims about the ecological benefits of
putting bugs on our plates. As the environmental damage
caused by large-scale, intensive animal husbandry becomes
more apparent a 2006 United Nations study found that
industrial livestock operations contribute heavily to
pollution and global warming insects appear to be an
efficient and virtually inexhaustible source of protein. The
name of San Francisco entomophagist Rosanna Yau's company
and website, MiniLivestock, hints at bugs' potential to
solve long-term problems with our food supply.
Despite such enthusiasm, questions persist about
entomophagy's widespread viability. With few reliable
sources and virtually no distribution infrastructure for
edible insects, bugs remain quite expensive, at least when
measured pound-for-pound against other kinds of meat. Little
is known about the health hazards of food insects, though
scientific research in California has found that their knack
for absorbing environmental toxins could make them a
potentially dangerous treat. At present, the U.S. Food and
Drug Administration has almost no regulations for edible
bugs.
A more fundamental issue concerns not logistics and
health regulations, but culture and cuisine. Is it
conceivable that lots of people would ever want to eat bugs
on a regular basis? Could crickets be the next sushi, or are
they a six-legged flash in the pan?
Before speculating on insects' prospects in the kitchen,
it's not a bad idea to establish what they taste like.
Daniella Martin, a San Mateo resident who runs a website
devoted to insect cookery, girlmeetsbug.com, and writes
about entomophagy for the Huffington Post, is a helpful
authority on this subject. On a recent afternoon, she
welcomed SF Weekly to her parents' home in the wooded hills
between Menlo Park and Half Moon Bay to sample a bug
smorgasbord.
At 34 years old, with green eyes and brown hair that
falls just below her shoulders, Martin has the effusive but
contained good manners of a stand-and-stir cooking-show
hostess. She has worked in marketing and education
administration, and discovered her passion for food insects
in college while doing anthropological research in
Mexico.
In the intervening years, she has pursued entomophagy as
a hobby of increasing seriousness. She currently broadcasts
a bug-cooking show on YouTube, and is putting together a
proposal for a television series that would explore
entomophagy in cultures around the world, with an emphasis
on cooking techniques.
"What is really needed right now is a cooking show,"
Martin says, sporting a pink apron and setting up an unusual
mise en place of wax moth larvae, bee larvae, scorpions,
crickets, stink bugs, and grasshoppers next to the stove. "I
don't want to alienate my male colleagues, but
[people] need to see a woman cooking bugs and
smiling and not being squeamish."
Martin prepares her favorite dish first: a canapé
of fried wax moth larvae, diced oyster mushrooms and
crème fraîche that she calls "Alice in
Wonderland" because of the caterpillar and mushroom
elements. Her method of preparing larvae is idiosyncratic: A
cardinal rule of bug cuisine is that almost everything, even
worms, should be cooked until crisp. "Most people will tell
me, 'If I'm going to have an insect, it better crunch rather
than gush,'" says Dave Gracer, an entomophagy advocate and
food-insect supplier based in Providence, R.I.
By contrast, Martin cooks her wax worms slow and low in
butter. The larvae and mushrooms blend to a virtually
indistinguishable texture, color. and taste, soft and
golden, their woody and earthy notes offset by the cream's
silky tang. The bee larvae, fried and combined with lettuce
and tomato in an entomophagist's BLT, are similar. "They
taste like little, nutty, mushroomy raisins," Martin muses.
This doesn't seem like eating bugs at all.
The crickets, grasshoppers, and scorpions are different.
The animals' exoskeleton lends an unavoidable crunch to the
dishes in which they are incorporated, reminding eaters,
bite by bite, of what's in their mouths. But the texture is
less jarring than the atypical flavor of the bugs'
carapaces, which is not immediately appealing to the
unaccustomed palate.
The exoskeletons have an iodine aftertaste redolent of
the naturalist's laboratory. Yet when combined with other
familiar flavors Martin serves up a grasshopper on a
slice of apple drizzled with honey the taste of any
bug recedes into the background. Like shrimp, crabs, and
lobsters, insects impart a flavor that is mild and easily
combined with other ingredients.
The comparison with ocean- and river-dwelling arthropods
is one that often comes up in conversation with
entomophagists. The animals share similar physical traits
and belong to the same phylum. Some insects will even
trigger shellfish allergies. "You have to scratch your head,
from a logical perspective," says Zack Lemann, chief
entomologist at the Audubon Insectarium in New Orleans. "Why
do we eat shrimp and crawfish but not their brethren on
land?"
Lemann's facility, which opened in 2008, includes an
interactive exhibit in the form of a cafe called "Bug
Appetit." Visitors to the museum can sample a wide array of
freshly prepared bug dishes. The idea, Lemann says, is to
make insects more appealing to the layperson by presenting
them as a potential food source. So how has Bug Appetit gone
over with paying museum patrons?
"The short answer is that there is every reaction within
the spectrum you might imagine," Lemann says. While some
people refuse outright to eat bugs and others dine on them
readily, he says the "vast majority" of people are of the "I
didn't expect this, but I'm game" camp.
Wooing this bloc of entomophagy agnostics on a wide scale
is a foremost goal of bug-eating advocates. To do so,
activists talk less about insects' culinary merits and more
about the broad effects entomophagy could have on human
agricultural and environmental practices. In an age of
growing consumer obsession with ethical and sustainable food
sources, they argue that bugs are about the most
ecologically sound food there is.
The environmental benefits of turning to bugs as food are
most apparent, entomophagists maintain, when the nutritional
benefits and environmental costs of insect gathering and
farming are considered side by side with those of
large-animal husbandry.
Cows are an inefficient means of converting grasses or
grains into protein, consuming at least 10 pounds of silage
for every two pounds of meat they produce. Insects, by
contrast, are among nature's most efficient feed converters.
The same 10 pounds of plant matter will support roughly
seven or eight pounds of crickets, according to Frank
Franklin, a retired pediatric gastroenterologist and
nutritionist who teaches at the School of Public Health at
the University of Alabama. Insects don't emit
ozone-depleting methane gas, and consume a low volume of
water, compared to large mammals.
Bug farms also seem to obviate some of the ethical and
environmental problems that plague industrial agriculture.
There's nothing wrong with keeping many insects together in
close quarters. Despite Western associations between insects
and filth, many food bugs have exceedingly pure vegetarian
diets wax moth larvae, for instance, can subsist on
nothing but bran and honey. Contrasted with the diets of
say, farm hogs or ocean-dwelling crustaceans, that starts to
look pretty good. "I like to point out that lobsters and
crabs eat trash and feces and dead animals, and grasshoppers
eat salad," Gracer says.
Insects are equal and in some ways superior to large
mammals as a source of the protein and nutrients we seek
from meat. Larvae like those cooked by Martin and
Martínez are high in the healthful omega fatty acids
now being widely purveyed through dietary supplements.
"It's as complete a protein as the protein in
cow's milk," says Franklin, who has studied entomophagy
and is convinced that mass-rearing food insects could
alleviate nutritional deficiencies among children in
developing countries. "They've been eaten for eons, so we
know they're relatively safe," he says. "They can live on
just about anything, they reproduce very rapidly, they
produce a high-quality product, and they produce lower
greenhouse gases" than livestock operations.
With all this to recommend them, why haven't insects
gained widespread acceptance as a protein source? For one
thing, they're not cheap. Almost no infrastructure exists
for the large-scale production of food insects, let alone
the kind of agricultural subsidies that bring inexpensive
meat to our supermarkets. Bugs' resulting scarcity makes
them, strangely enough, a luxury pantry item. Gracer says
it's difficult to buy wax moth larvae, one of the most
easily and commonly raised types of food bug, for less than
$25 per pound.
Not everybody buys into the image of insects as a
no-downside food. A study published in 2007 in the American
Journal of Public Health determined that dried grasshoppers
imported from Oaxaca were "highly contaminated" with lead
from abandoned mines and the pottery they were cooked in,
leading to lead poisoning among Latino children in Monterey
County.
"Insects like grasshoppers and those with hard
outer shells are great bio-accumulators, and in the case
of being in leaded surroundings, they were accumulating
lots of lead, and they were contaminated at extremely
high levels," Margaret Handley, a UCSF professor of
epidemiology and biostatistics who participated in the
study, wrote in an e-mail to SF Weekly.
Concerns about such possible contamination led the San
Francisco Department of Public Health to start looking last
summer into La Oaxaqueña, a popular restaurant
selling chapulines in the Mission District. Health inspector
Kenny Wong says proprietor Harry Persaud said he could
furnish some documentation indicating his grasshoppers came
from a safe source in Mexico, but decided to not import more
of the bugs. The restaurant closed down soon after the
health department's inquiry began. Persaud could not be
reached for comment.
Wong says that he and other health inspectors at the
state and local level are going to need more guidance from
federal authorities if insects' popularity as an edible
product continues to grow. "People are taking it more
seriously as a food source, so we need to look at it," he
says. "The thing is, I can't look at it just as an
inspector. It needs to be looked at from way up on top."
Even if a regulatory framework for edible bugs is
established and an arsenal of delicious insect preparations
developed, entomophagy advocates face a final hurdle: the
deeply ingrained cultural aversion to insects as food that
probably led you to grimace at the thought of eating a
scorpion.
The more one thinks about it, the less rational it seems.
What are the differences, really, between a shrimp and a
grasshopper, a wax worm and escargot, caviar and ant eggs?
(The latter are consumed in Mexico as a delicacy called
escamoles.) Entomophagists have tried to re-brand the
land-based arthropods with various cute names, such as "land
shrimp" or, in Martin's formulation, "terra prawns." (She
says she was told it sounded too similar to "terrifying
prawns.") None of it seems to stick.
"Fundamentally, our problem with insects is a problem
with critical-thinking skills," Gracer says. "We just assume
they're bad because everyone has always told us they
are."
Theories abound about the roots of that legacy.
Bug-eating hasn't always been verboten in the Western world.
As Gordon points out, no less a figure than John the Baptist
subsisted on a diet of locusts and wild honey. Somewhere
along the line, that tolerance for entomophagy was lost.
Some argue that pest insects became vilified as
competitors for our primary agricultural food sources.
Others speculate that Europe's temperate climate didn't
offer the wide range of edible bugs that might have hooked
its residents on entomophagy, like the people of Mesoamerica
or Southeast Asia. Another view holds that industrial
pesticide companies provoked mass revulsion toward insects
in the second half of the 20th century with spooky ads about
the evils of cockroaches, termites, and other bugs.
Emmet Brady, who runs the Oakland-based Insect News
Network, says that our distaste for insects as food is
rooted in the Western world's gradual withdrawal from and
discomfort with wild things generally. "When spiritual
traditions began to clamp down on nature, view nature as
evil, insects were one of the easiest symbols of nature to
demonize," he says. Of course, that doesn't explain our
continued acceptance of, and reverence for, such symbols of
nature as venison and wild salmon.
Yau, of MiniLivestock, tried to address and overcome
anti-entomophagy sentiments with her final project in the
graduate design program at the California College of the
Arts. Her thesis, Minilivestock: Exploring Rhetorical
Methods to Promote Consuming Insects as Food, examined
different ways of processing and packaging mealworms to make
them more palatable to American consumers. Among the
innovations featured were a mill, similar to a pepper
grinder, for crushing dried worms, and energy bars made with
ground bugs and granola.
On a recent afternoon, Yau, 28, sat in a coffee shop in
SoMa the neighborhood where she now works as a
designer at a tech company, in addition to her entomophagy
projects and explained that while her bug-branding
efforts met with some success, she's reticent to get behind
some of the more enthusiastic claims entomophagists make on
behalf of insects as a viable global food source.
"I don't think I'm qualified to say insects are going to
save the world or anything like that," Yau says. "Telling
someone to do something because it's good for them" isn't
enough, she says. "They're not going to do it unless they
feel an emotional connection." That will probably require
the advent of bug food so tasty, and so unlike other dishes,
that people will crave it, and not just experiment with
it.
Here in San Francisco, Martínez is trying to make
that a reality. At La Cocina, she serves a reporter what
will be Don Bugito's signature dish: wax moth larvae tacos.
She spoons the crisp worms over beds of blue-corn tortillas
and green salsa. A bite yields a crunchy texture and a mild,
fatty flavor not unlike that of pork rinds.
"To me, it tastes like chicharonnes,"Martínez
says.
For now, that might be enough to win Don Bugito a stable
of adventurous foodie fans. But for the entomophagy movement
to truly arrive, cooks and activists will have to convince
people to turn to insects for their own sake. It's a moment
that won't come until wax moth larvae are the preferred food
of the hungry and hungover, rather than of dilettantes who
can tolerate a worm that tastes like fried pork.
Source: www.sfweekly.com/sanfrancisco/bug-me-san-francisco-helps-pioneer-insect-cuisine/Content?oid=2182933
Girl Meets Bug: EDIBLE: An
Adventure into the World of Eating Insects and the Last
Great Hope to Save the Planet
This book has taken a third of my life to write: it includes
nearly 13 years of study, travel, following my curiosity,
and researching weird stuff most people never even think to
think about. Not to mention all the crazy stuff I ate.
Ive been bitten and stung by all kinds of bugs, in
all kinds of places, to make this book. I tasted over 35
different species, including those that are venomous,
squishy, slimy, and even alive. I had 48 hours in beautiful
Phuket, and spent most of them in the mosquito-ridden forest
so I could eat giant palm larvae (I literally had 45 minutes
at the beach). I got very ill in gorgeous places. I puked
repeatedly in a 5 star hotel. ALL FOR YOU.
Eating insects is the Next Big Thing. Nations around the
world are waking up to this idea, to the potential it has to
change the way we eat and relate to our environment.
Millions are being spent to discover just how far we can run
with something that weve overlooked till now. This
book will get you up to date on why, how, and where to eat
bugs. Its an adventure totally unlike anything
youve seen or heard, a new dimension in science,
nutrition, travel, culture and cuisine.
Eat bugs, save the world.
Here are some reviews of my book, written by real people
(not lizards):
Regardless of readers culinary proclivities,
[Daniella] Martins lively book poses timely
questions while offering tasty solutions. Kirkus
Reviews
In this chatty, informative, and eminently readable
manifestocumfood travelogue, Martin takes the
reader along as she talks to chefs who cook with insects,
muses about vegetarianism and veganism (and why being a
vegan ultimately wont work), collects corn earworms
from a community farm, rhapsodizes on the flavor of
sautéed waxworms, and, in general, turns us on to
eating bugs. Booklist
Its not easy for most Americans to see this,
but insects are going to be a far bigger part of our menus
in the next 25 years. Daniella Martins Edibleis a fun,
articulate look at the world of entomophagy, and the
arguments for adding insects to our diet. Josh
Schonwald, author of The Taste ofTomorrow: Dispatches from
the Future of Food
Daniella Martins contagious
entosiasm for eating insects makes you rush to
join the insect-eating movement that people in the Western
world left aside by mistake in the past. Marcel
Dicke, professor of entomology at Wageningen University, The
Netherlands, and author ofThe Insect Cookbook: Food for a
Sustainable Planet
This is my tailless whip scorpion, Freddy. Hes a
big sweetie, unless youre an insect. In that case,
hes your worst nightmare.
P.S. I actually dont know if Freddy is a boy or a
girl (I figure the name Freddy can go both ways). If anyone
can tell me what he/she is, Id love to know! For now,
Im not imposing binary gender expectations on him/her.
;)
This fabulous new infographic is by Adam Frost and Paulo
Estriga for the Guardian: www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/picture/2013/sep/13/eating-insects-infographic-flies-entomophagy#zoomed-picture
My book, Edible: An Adventure in the World of
Eating Insects and the Last Great Hope to Save the
Planet, is available to order on Amazon! www.amazon.com/Edible
Its an easy-to-read primer on entomophagy: the
history, science, and culture behind this fascinating
tradition. Its also a travelogue of my journey around
the US and to Europe and Asia to meet some of the biggest
proponents and consumers of edible insects on
the planet. There are also delicious recipes, a how-to guide
for raising insects, and an updated list of edible bugs.
If youre interested in entomophagy, I believe
Ive done a pretty good job of explaining the subject
in a way thats both entertaining and informative. I
also ate, and described my experience of eating, some pretty
wild species, so theres that, too.
Hey folks, just an FYI I do WAYYY more posting on
my FB page, www.facebook.com/GirlMeetsBug
than I do on my blog. I post a few times a day there, on
average.
I have no excuse for this, except that I get the instant
gratification of immediate feedback, and posting just a
photo is totally legit. Ok, thats a couple of
excuses.
Anyway, cmon over and see what Im up to
lots of opportunity for discussions, commentary, etc.
And I keep you up to date with breaking bug news, jokes, and
cool pictures. Like this one of me eating Oo-suzumebachi, or
Japanese Giant Hornet, and The Oatmeal saying I give him
nightmares.
I grew up in the Midwest where just being vegetarian was
considered pretty adventurous. So you can imagine the
reaction I got after 15 years of being
vegetarian/pescatarian when I described the bug-eating party
that I was hosting.
The party was inspired by a TEDTalk given by Marcel Dicke
a few years back called Why Not Eat Insects? I
couldnt think of a reason why my friends and I
shouldnt at least try it out.
What does that make you? my mom asked,
totally confused.
I understand; I mean its not like there are a whole
lot of entomophagous pescatarians running around
out there. But sometimes you just have to shrug and go with
it, especially when going with it leads to discovering a
surprisingly delicious chocolate cookie recipe.
Our party provided a variety of edible insect options,
including: chocolate-covered crickets, salted queen ants,
scorpion lollies, mealworm trail mix, and even a dehydrated
giant water scorpion. But the favorite had to be these
no-bake mealworm drop cookies. These rich and comforting
cookies have a peanut butter & chocolate smoothness with
a Rice Krispie-like crunch. It is a super-easy holiday
recipe that my family has enjoyed for years (well,
weve enjoyed it sans bugs). This version has been
mealworm-ified a bit.
This
appliance makes gourmet meals out of maggots
With enough practice any hack can create a CAD rendering of
a blender or produce an iPhone mockup that'll earn hundreds
of likes on Dribbble,
but designing a device that convinces people to make a meal
out of maggots? That requires a special level of skill.
Designer Katharina Unger is on a mission to make eating
insects irresistible.
The recent graduate from the University of Applied Arts
in Vienna and current Fulbright Scholar devoted her thesis
project, called Farm
432: Insect Breeding, to developing an appliance that
incubates insects for human consumption. The striking blue
and white vessel is stocked with one gram of black soldier
fly eggs, and over a period of 18 days, the eggs move
through the device's chambers, gestating, reproducing, and
ultimately producing 2.4 kilograms of nutritious, if
slightly nauseating, fly larva.
This frightful food processor was invented to satisfy the
meat cravings of the nine billion people expected to be
living on Earth in 2050. To support that population, protein
production will have to double and farming, primarily
livestock cultivation, already uses up half of the planet's
arable land, making it difficult to expand.
Many believe the solution will lie in entomophagy, also
known as eating bugs, but getting Westerners to make insects
a big part of their diet will require a marketing program
the size of Mothra.
Unger's device hides the dirty and disgusting aspects of
the process while employing design language from mainstream
consumer products to make the concept seem more
familiar.
The concept unsettles many stomachs, but according to
Unger, we already consume 500 grams worth of insects in our
food annually. There can be up to 60 insect fragments in a
100 gram chocolate bar, and insect-infested fruits that
can't be sold as produce are turned into juice. Starbucks
even used crushed beetles to color their strawberry
Frappucinos for a time. People seem willing to deal with the
taste and texture of edible insects as long as they're
presented properly. Here are five design principles Unger
employed to make her flies seem flavorful.
Do your (repugnant) market research
There are approximately 1,400 edible species of insect,
yet there isn't a single skeevy sommelier to educate the
masses about proper pest pairings. Unger took the challenge
on herself and began sampling grasshoppers, crickets,
mealworms, and other vile vittles. "I felt okay with all
that, but grabbing/touching the animals was gross," she
says. "I knew the only way people would grow insects at home
was without having to touch them." This informed the design
of the appliance and users never have to touch the insects
until it's time to cook.
Make the disgusting delightful
While most of her classmates were making models of cars
or furniture, Unger was harvesting insects. Initially
suspicious, her peers eventually came to appreciate the
eco-friendly goal and even partook in a slightly terrifying
taste test.
Unger attributes this open-mindedness to the way her
appliance produces the flies. "We tend to associate insects
with negative imagery: destroyed crops, plagues, manure,"
she says. Her design is clean, almost to the point of being
clinical, and promotes a sense of trust. "Once people see
how the larvae can be grown, that they clean themselves
before they are ready to eat, they become very curious and
forget their prejudices."
Create a community to go with your contraption
The idea of eating bugs may seem bizarre now, but
blogs devoted to
entomophagy are popping up and award winning chefs have
begun integrating creepy-crawlies into their cuisine. With
the right products and promotion, Unger thinks the
distasteful could eventually become delicacies. "It is
comparable with the backyard chicken movement or growing
vegetables on your balcony," she says. "There are almost
2,000 edible insect species. The variety of tastes and
different dishes is endless. We miss out a lot by not
considering this food source!"
Pollinate your idea
Unger didn't stop at growing the flies she also
developed recipes, including a stellar tomato and larva
risotto, to help make the icky output more enticing. She's
now working out how changing the diet of the larva would
impact taste. "I always speculated what happened if I gave
them just one specific type of food," she says. "Maybe you
could make them taste like strawberries?"
Create buzz
Turning insects into a protein powder or peanut
butter-like substance could help introduce edible insects to
the mass market more smoothly, but Unger wanted her project
to make a statement. "I felt it would be inconsequential to
suddenly hide the main product away," she says. "In the end
it is not only about producing food, but also about the
adventure of growing live animals in your home!"
Source: www.cnn.com/2013/08/15/tech/innovation/insect-larva-food-appliance/
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